Open cluster – AstroFotoBlog

IC1805 Heart Nebula and IC1848 Soul Nebula

July 12, 2021 JakubK

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One of the last deep space objects I captured on Crete are two visually large nebulae. And these are IC1805 Heart Nebula and IC 1848 Soul Nebula. Both are very dim objects, therefore I set the shutter speed of the Canon EOS 6Da camera to 3 minutes and let it capture the light shooting from the constellation Perseus the whole night long. Even NGC 884 869 Double Cluster fit in the field of view.

Technical details:

Lens	Askar FMA180 F4.5
Camera	Canon EOS 6Da
Mount	iOptron Skyguider Pro
Exposure	50x180s, ISO 1600
Date	2021-07-12

M24 Sagittarius Star Cloud

July 21, 2020 JakubK

Open cluster

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Cluster DSO Fuerteventura M24 MaxField coma corrector Messier24 Milky Way Rainbow Astro RST135 Sagittarius Sagittarius Star Cloud Star cloud ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 24 is spiral arm of our galaxy located in constellation Sagittarius. The region is heavily populated by the stars, which makes you think how big our home galaxy Milky Way is. I captured already few years back, but it would be a pity not to recapture this magnificent star cloud again with slightly shorter focal length and under dark skies of Fuerteventura.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	570 mm
Mount	Rainbow Astro RST 135
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, Guidescope 30 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-0°C
Corrector	TS MaxField
Filters	No
Exposure	75x120s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2020-07-21

M7 Ptolemy cluster

July 21, 2020 JakubK

Open cluster

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Cluster DSO Fuerteventura M7 MaxField coma corrector Messier7 Newton 150/600 Open cluster Ptolemy cluster Rainbow Astro RST135 Scorpius ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 7, sometimes called Ptolemy cluster, is an open cluster located in between constellations Sagittarius and Scorpius. The cluster is visually located on the galactic plane of the Milky Way, therefore there are many stars in the background. The cluster is badly visible from Central Europe. Much better opportunities to observe or photograph this cluster have astronomers or astrophotographers in southern countries. My last attempt to capture it in Greece was constantly disturbed by the weather, therefore we I was again in South, specifically at Fuerteventura, I didn’t hesitate and recapture this beautiful cluster.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	570 mm
Mount	Rainbow Astro RST 135
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, Guidescope 30 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-0°C
Corrector	TS MaxField
Filters	No
Exposure	64x180s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2020-07-21

M8 Lagoon Nebula, M20 Trifid Nebula

July 18, 2020 JakubK

Dark Nebula H II nebula Open cluster Reflection nebula

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Fuerteventura Lagoon nebula M20 M8 MaxField coma corrector Messier20 Messier8 Newton 150/600 Rainbow Astro RST135 Sagittarius Trifid nebula ZWO ASI071MC Pro

These two magnificent nebulae are located visually close to each other in constellation Sagittarius. This means we are looking in direction of the galactic core of the Milky Way. Trifid nebula (up left) is a combination of a reflection nebula (blue part), a dark nebula (brown clouds), an emission nebula (red part) and a star cluster. On the other hand, Lagoon nebula (right side) is an emission nebula – giant cloud of ionized HII gas. Due to very low southern declination, it’s very difficult to photograph these deep space objects from my home place in Central Europe. Therefore every time I travel south, I take the opportunity and recapture these nebulae. My first attempt of M20 was done with focal length 917 mm, second one with 630 mm and now I used gentle focal reducer. Focal length 570 mm allowed me to fit both nebulae into the field of view of APS-C sensor size. The picture is an integration of 213 minutes, taken under dark skies of Fuerteventura.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	570 mm
Mount	Rainbow Astro RST 135
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, Guidescope 30 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-0°C
Corrector	TS MaxField
Filters	No
Exposure	71x180s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2020-07-18

M44 Beehive Cluster

March 22, 2020 JakubK

Open cluster

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Astronomik L-1 UV IR Block Filter Avalon M-Zero Beehive cluster Cancer Cluster Explore scientific coma corrector M44 Messier44 Newton 150/600 Open cluster ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 44, sometimes called Beehive cluster, is visually one of the biggest open cluster, which can be observed from northern hemisphere. Previous picture, taken 3 year ago, was done with focal length 1000 mm. Now I changed the strategy and used only 630 mm. I think this was a good idea and whole cluster is perfectly framed.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	630 mm
Mount	Avalon M-Zero
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, Guidescope 30 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-10°C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR
Filters	Astronomik L-1 - UV IR Block Filter
Exposure	76x180s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2020-03-46

M48 Open Cluster

March 18, 2020 JakubK

Open cluster

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Astronomik L-1 UV IR Block Filter Avalon M-Zero Cluster Explore scientific coma corrector M48 Messier48 Monoceros Newton 150/600 Open cluster ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Telescope is out after long time. My main targets for this night are some galaxies in constellation Leo, but I have to wait for these galaxies to cross the meridian (line splitting west and east). By browsing in planetarium software I found one object, which can fill the gap – it was the open cluster M48. Open cluster usually don’t need super dark skies, therefore I can capture them during the evening, when there is still strong light pollution. My previous picture was taken by much longer focal length, therefore the cluster covered nearly whole field of view. This time the background if filled by many stars, which are not members of this cluster.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	630 mm
Mount	Avalon M-Zero
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, Guidescope 30 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-10°C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR
Filters	Astronomik L-1 - UV IR Block Filter
Exposure	76x180s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2020-03-18

Double Cluster NGC869 and NGC884

September 3, 2019 JakubK

Open cluster

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Avalon M-Zero Cassiopeia Clusters Double cluster Explore scientific coma corrector Greece Karpathos Newton 150/600 NGC869 NGC884 Open cluster Perseus ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Two clusters visually close to each other can be located between constellations Perseus and Cassiopeia. The clusters are relatively young (12 million years) and they are 2700 light-years far from Earth.

The picture was captured during my travel to Karpathos where I had only single wind free night.

I know, the composition should be turned by 90°. I just simply forgot to twist the camera.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	630 mm
Mount	Avalon M-Zero
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, Guidescope 30 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-5°C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR
Filters	Astronomik L-1 - UV IR Block Filter
Exposure	28x180s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2019-09-03

M93 Open Cluster

April 28, 2019 JakubK

Open cluster

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Avalon M-Zero Cluster Explore scientific coma corrector La Palma M93 Messier93 Newton 150/600 Open cluster Puppis ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 93 is an open cluster located in constellation Puppis and it is about 3400 light-year away from Earth. My previous attempt to capture this object was not so successful, because M93 doesn’t rise far from horizon in Central Europe. On La Palma is the situation different, but only if the weather allows it. I was partially lucky and a hole between the clouds appeared and I got 44 minutes opportunity to capture this cluster properly.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	630 mm
Mount	Avalon M-Zero
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, Guidescope 30 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-10°C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR
Filters	Astronomik L-1 - UV IR Block Filter
Exposure	22x120s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2019-04-28

M93 Open Cluster

March 27, 2019 JakubK

Open cluster

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Avalon M-Zero Cluster DSO Explore scientific coma corrector Hutech IDAS LPS-D2 M93 Messier93 Newton 150/600 Open cluster ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 93 is an open cluster located in constellation Puppis and it is about 3400 light-year away from Earth. The cluster is one of those deep space objects, which I cannot see from my home, therefore I had to pack the gear and enjoy starry night outside. Compared to my previous attempt, I took the laser collimator with me and waited sufficiently long the temper the telescope. Well I was surprised that the stars are slightly oval and there is blue halo on one side and red one on the other side of nearly each star. I was speculating if there is something wrong with the optics, but then I realized that this object has very low declination (it’s not far from horizon), therefore it’s exposed to atmosphere refraction/dispersion. This means that the light must pass through the thick layer of an air. In this case the atmosphere works as a lens and bends red and blue light differently. The effect is described here or here.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	630 mm
Mount	Avalon M-Zero
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, Guidescope 30 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-20°C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR
Filters	Hutech IDAS LPS-D2
Exposure	30x60s, Gain 136, bin 1x1,
Date	2019-03-27

M41 Open Cluster

February 12, 2019 JakubK

Open cluster

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Avalon M-Zero Cluster DSO Explore scientific coma corrector Hutech IDAS LPS-D2 M41 Messier41 Newton 150/600 Open cluster Travel ZWO ASI071MC Pro

In order to complete the Messier Catalogue and capture all of its deep space objects, I have to pack the telescope, mount, camera, cables and batteries and set it up somewhere in the nature with better view. Most of the objects I am able to capture from home, but some of them have very low declination (not far above the horizon) and I cannot see them from my terrace, because there is a hill direction south.

Messier 41, open cluster in constellation Canis Major is one of them. So, I packed my car and went to collect some photons. At least I got the opportunity to test my new mount Avalon M-Zero, which replaced my previous portable mount iOptron CEM25P. The old portable mount was working well, but due to conventional equatorial design, one needs a counterweight, which was in this case 5 kg. This means 1/3 of the total weight. M-Zero is basically single fork mount, which utilizes the weight of the motors and housing as a counterweight. Moreover, M-Zero uses belts and pulleys, which means zero backlash. I can confirm – it works very well. I can save few kgs in my case during my next travel expedition.

The night was cold and since I don’t do the astrophotography in the nature frequently, I faced some issues. First, the portable telescope lost the collimation and I didn’t have the laser collimator with me. Second, I started to photograph before the telescope reached the thermal equilibrium, therefore there was a focus drift. This is definitely not my best picture, but I can at least check another Messier object from the list.

Technical details

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	630 mm
Mount	Avalon M-Zero
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, Guidescope 30 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-20°C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR
Filters	Hutech IDAS LPS-D2
Exposure	39x60s, Gain 136, bin 1x1,
Date	2019-02-12

M37 Open Cluster

February 8, 2019 JakubK

Open cluster

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Auriga Cluster DSO Explore scientific coma corrector Gemini gf53 Hutech IDAS LPS-D2 M37 Messier37 Newton 254/1000 Open cluster ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 37 is the largest and the brightest open cluster in constellation Auriga. Visually, it has two deep space neighboring open clusters M36 and M38. The cluster was discovered by Giovani Battista Hodierna in 1654 and catalogued by Charles Messier in 1764. The cluster contains a lot of red giant stars and it is approximately 4500 light-year away from Earth.

This is the second deep space object, which I captured in a single night. The clouds rolled in, therefore I was able to capture only 30 pictures, 60 second each.

Telescope	Newton 254/1000 mm
Aperture	254 mm
Focal length	1000 mm
Mount	Gemini G53f
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, TS 60/240 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-20°C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR coma corrector
Filters	Hutech IDAS LPS-D2
Exposure	30x60s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2019-02-08

M36 Open Cluster

February 8, 2019 JakubK

Open cluster

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Auriga Cluster DSO Explore scientific coma corrector Gemini gf53 Hutech IDAS LPS-D2 M36 Messier36 Newton 254/1000 Open cluster ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 36 is an open cluster located in constellation Auriga, not far from the bright star Capella. The cluster is approximately 4000 light-years from Earth and it has diameter 14 light-years. There are another two open clusters in the vicinity. Specifically it is M38 (north-west) and M37 (south-east).

The picture is a stack of 50 images, each has 60 s exposure time, which means less than hour of the integration time. Another Messier object was captures. I hope, I will finish the whole Messier catalogue this year.

Telescope	Newton 254/1000 mm
Aperture	254 mm
Focal length	1000 mm
Mount	Gemini G53f
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, TS 60/240 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-20°C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR coma corrector
Filters	Hutech IDAS LPS-D2
Exposure	50x60s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2019-02-08

M46 M47 Open Clusters

January 30, 2019 JakubK

Open cluster

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Avalon M-Zero Cluster Clusters DSO Explore scientific coma corrector M46 M47 Messier46 Messier47 Newton 150/600 Open clusters Puppis ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 46 (left) and Messier 47 are open clusters located in constellation Puppis. Visually, these clusters are quite close to each other and both fit in the field of view of my smallest telescope. Visual distance is not the real distance, because M46 in approximately 5000 light-years away and M47 is much closer, only 1600 light-years away.

M46 contains roughly 500 members and small planetary nebula called NGC2438 can be found there.

The picture is a stack of 22 pictures, 2 minutes exposure each, which means 44 minutes in total. Unfortunately, my telescope was not properly collimated, therefore the stars are elongated in the upper left corner. Well, I must say that this was the first and the last night in January without clouds, therefore I did not get the chance to recapture this deep space object.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	630 mm
Mount	Avalon M-Zero
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, OAG
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-20°C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR
Filters	Hutech IDAS LPS-D2
Exposure	22x120s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2019-01-30

M103 Open Cluster

December 13, 2018 JakubK

Open cluster

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Cassiopeia Cluster DSO Gemini gf53 Hutech IDAS LPS-D2 M103 Messier103 Newton 254/1000 Open cluster TS MaxField coma corrector ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 103 is an open cluster located in constellation Cassiopeia. With its distance 8500 light-year from Earth, this cluster is one of the most distant clusters from Messier’s catalogue.

The picture is a stack of 56 pictures, each 2 minutes long, i.e. nearly two hours of integration time. December is a month, which is rich with deep space objects, but it’s also rich with clouds. In whole December I got only single opportunity to take my telescope outside, therefore this is not the only deep space object, which I captured this night.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 254/1000 mm
Aperture	254 mm
Focal length	1000 mm
Mount	Gemini G53f
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, TS 60/240 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-20°C
Corrector	TS-Optics 2" 3-element MaxField
Filters	Hutech IDAS LPS-D2
Exposure	56x120s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2018-12-13

M35 Shoe-Buckle Cluster

November 18, 2018 JakubK

Open cluster

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Cluster DSO Gemini Gemini gf53 Hutech IDAS LPS-D2 M35 MaxField coma corrector Messier35 Newton 254/1000 NGC2158 Open cluster ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 35 an open cluster located in constellation Gemini. The cluster is approximately 2800 light-year far from Earth and it contains roughly 200 stars.

Second open cluster NGC 2158 is located in the background (upper right part of the picture). I didn’t know that there is another cluster in field of view. If I would know it, I would change the composition of the picture.

This cluster was the last one out of four captured during single night. In the early morning I slewed to M35 and went to sleep. The camera captured 56 exposures, 3 minutes each, before the dawn arrived. This means nearly 3 hours of total exposure time.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 254/1000 mm
Aperture	254 mm
Focal length	1000 mm
Mount	Gemini G53f
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, TS 60/240 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-20°C
Corrector	TS-Optics 2" 3-element MaxField
Filters	Hutech IDAS LPS-D2
Exposure	56x180s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2018-11-18

M38 Open Cluster

November 18, 2018 JakubK

Open cluster

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Auriga Cluster DSO Gemini gf53 Hutech IDAS LPS-D2 M38 MaxField coma corrector Messier38 Newton 254/1000 Open cluster ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 38 is an open cluster located in constellation Auriga. It has diameter 25 light-years and it’s approximately 3500 light-year away from Earth.

I managed to capture two open clusters this night already (M39 and M34) and there is still one to go (M35). Therefore I didn’t dedicate a lot of time on M38 – this means that the picture is an integration of one hour of exposure time.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 254/1000 mm
Aperture	254 mm
Focal length	950 mm
Mount	Gemini G53f
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, TS 60/240 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-20°C
Corrector	TS-Optics 2" 3-element MaxField
Filters	Hutech IDAS LPS-D2
Exposure	20x180s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2018-11-18

M34 Open Cluster

November 18, 2018 JakubK

Open cluster

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Cluster DSO Gemini gf53 M34 MaxField coma corrector Messier34 Newton 254/1000 Open cluster Perseus ZWO ASI071MC Pro

After capturing M39 I slewed the telescope to another deep space object. Specifically to an open cluster Messier 39. This cluster is located in constellation Perseus and it is approximately 1400 light-years away from Earth and it has diameter roughly 24 light-years.

The picture is a stack of 72 two minute subframes, which means 144 minutes of total integration time.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 254/1000 mm
Aperture	254 mm
Focal length	950 mm
Mount	Gemini G53f
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, TS 60/240 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-20°C
Corrector	TS-Optics 2" 3-element MaxField
Filters	Hutech IDAS LPS-D2
Exposure	72x120s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2018-11-18

M39 Open cluster

November 18, 2018 JakubK

Open cluster

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Cluster Cygnus DSO Gemini gf53 M39 Messier39 Newton 254/1000 Open cluster TS MaxField coma corrector ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 39 is an open cluster located in constellation Cygnus and it’s only 825 light-year away from Eartch. The cluster is visually located on the galactic plane of the Milky Way, therefore there are so many stars in the background.

I already captured M39 two years ago, but with different camera and different coma corrector. This time I used slightly bigger sensor and brand new corrector TS MaxField. This corrector should reduce the focal length by 5% and also due to the larger sensor I got bigger field of view compared to my previous picture. However, the corrector is not capable of eliminate the coma fully and in the corners are the stars elongated. I spent some time by adjusting the tilt, but this obviously didn’t solve the problem. This means that the only corrector which is capable of eliminating the comatic aberration fully is Explore Scientific HR CC.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 254/1000 mm
Aperture	254 mm
Focal length	950 mm
Mount	Gemini G53f
Autoguiding	ZWO 174MM, TS 60/240 mm
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-20°C
Corrector	TS-Optics 2" 3-element MaxField
Filters	Hutech IDAS LPS-D2
Exposure	58x180s, Gain 94, bin 1x1,
Date	2018-11-18

Here is the analysis of the curvature by CCD Inspector. I already adjusted the tilt by integrated push-pull screws on ASI071, but there is still some room for improvements.

NGC6871 Open Cluster

September 15, 2018 JakubK

Open cluster

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Cluster Cygnus DSO Explore scientific coma corrector iOptron CEM25P Milky Way Milos Newton 150/600 NGC6871 Open cluster ZWO ASI071MC Pro

NGC6871 is an open cluster located in Cygnus, has less than 50 stars and it is 5135 light-years from Earth. Constellation Cygnus is visually located on the galactic disk of the Milky Way; therefore there are many stars in the background. Particularly interesting are the dark nebulae, surrounding the cluster.

Picture was taken under dark skies of Milos Island and in total, it’s an integration of on 63 minutes.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	660 mm
Mount	iOptron CEM25P
Autoguiding	QHYCCD miniGuideScope 130 mm f/4.3, ZWO 174 MM
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-10C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR coma corrector
Filters	Astronomik L-1 - UV IR Block Filter
Exposure	21x180s, Gain 134, bin 1x1,
Date	2018-09-15

M45 Pleiades

September 15, 2018 JakubK

Open cluster

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DSO Explore scientific coma corrector iOptron CEM25P M45 Messier45 Milos Newton 150/600 Pleiades Seven sisters Subaru ZWO ASI071MC Pro

Messier 45, sometimes called Seven Sister, Pleiades or Subaru, is an open cluster located in constellation Taurus. The cluster contains many hot blue stars and it’s characterized by reflection nebulosity. The cluster is easily visible by naked eye and therefore it has been used in mythology of many cultures around the world.

The picture was created by stacking of 80 pictures with total integration time 4 hours. In order to capture the nebulosity properly, the light pollution should be minimal, which I manage to experience during our trip to Milos Island. Unfortunately, the mount was not cooperating and in declination axis occurred oscillations due to backlash. Therefore the stars are bit oval. Maybe it’s time to upgrade the mount and pick something backlash free. I would select something portable like Astrotrac 360 or Avalon Instruments M-Zero.

Technical details:

Telescope	Newton 150/600 mm
Aperture	150 mm
Focal length	660 mm
Mount	iOptron CEM25P
Autoguiding	QHYCCD miniGuideScope 130 mm f/4.3, ZWO 174 MM
Camera	ZWO 071 Pro @-10C
Corrector	Explore Scientific HR coma corrector
Filters	Astronomik L-1 - UV IR Block Filter
Exposure	60x180s, Gain 134, bin 1x1,
Date	2018-09-15

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